Jazz Changes

Jerome Kern, music · Oscar Hammerstein II, lyrics · Introduced by Tullio Carminati in the musical Music in the Air, 1932

The Song Is You

Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II wrote it for the 1932 Broadway musical Music in the Air. Its middle section moves to a different before the opening melody returns. Frank Sinatra sang it in 1942, and Keith Jarrett's trio stretched it past seventeen minutes in 1986.

Listen in this order

The path begins with Frank Sinatra's 1942 vocal, then follows Stan Getz, Charlie Parker and Clifford Brown, with Dave Brubeck's live quartet and Sonny Rollins next. It ends with Art Blakey's quartet in 1963 and Keith Jarrett's live trio in 1986.

8 recordings, 1942 to 1986 · Play all 8 on YouTube ↗

  1. Frank Sinatra with Axel Stordahl1942 · Big band
  2. Stan Getz Quintet1951
  3. Charlie Parker Quartet1952 · Bebop
  4. Clifford Brown Quartet1953 · Bebop
  5. The Dave Brubeck Quartet1954 · Bebop
  6. Sonny Rollins1958 · Bebop
  7. Art Blakey Quartet1963 · Hard bop
  8. Keith Jarrett Trio1986 · Post-bop

Step 1 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear the song sung

Frank Sinatra with Axel Stordahl and his orchestra · 1942 · Big band, Vocal

The Song Is You

Frank Sinatra recorded this in January 1942, in a session of four songs that Axel Stordahl arranged. They were Sinatra's first solo records, made while he was still the singer with Tommy Dorsey's band.

Listen for
Sinatra sings with violins and an oboe behind him, and the record runs 3:25. Fix the tune in your head here, because every later version on this page starts from it.
Try it on your instrument

Play the first four of the , one per bar: , , , . Hum the melody over them. Smaller version: play just Cmaj7 and G7 and hum along.

Step 2 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a tenor saxophone lead a small group

Stan Getz Quintet · 1951

The Song Is You / It Might As Well Be Spring

Stan Getz recorded this in New York on August 15, 1951, with Horace Silver on piano and Jimmy Raney on guitar. Roost issued it on the single Roost 550, paired with It Might As Well Be Spring.

Listen for
Stan Getz leads on tenor saxophone, with Horace Silver on piano and Jimmy Raney on guitar. The record fits the whole tune into 2:50.
Try it on your instrument

Play 9 to 12 of the : , , , . These also close each A section. Smaller version: play just Dm7 and G7 and listen for how they lead back to C.

Step 3 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear the bebop quartet version

Charlie Parker Quartet · 1952 · Bebop

Charlie Parker

Charlie Parker recorded this in New York on December 30, 1952, with Hank Jones, Teddy Kotick and Max Roach. The same session produced Laird Baird and Kim, and Clef issued the three on the LP Charlie Parker.

Listen for
Charlie Parker plays alto saxophone, with Hank Jones on piano, Teddy Kotick on bass and Max Roach on drums. The record lasts 2:57, so listen for how the keeps the beat moving under him.
Try it on your instrument

Play along with the opening of this record, using the of the first four : , , , . Smaller version: play only the first two bars, Cmaj7 and E♭°7, then stop and listen.

Step 4 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a trumpet take the lead

Clifford Brown Quartet · 1953 · Bebop, Hard bop

The Clifford Brown Quartet in Paris

Clifford Brown recorded this in Paris on October 15, 1953, with Henri Renaud on piano, Pierre Michelot on bass and Benny Bennett on drums. Vogue issued the session, and Prestige later gathered it on The Clifford Brown Quartet in Paris.

Listen for
Clifford Brown plays trumpet, with piano, bass and drums behind him. The take lasts 2:50, so the whole tune is over quickly.
Try it on your instrument

Play the , 33 to 48, which moves to . Start with two bars of , then and . Smaller version: play Emaj7, then B7, and hear how far from C they sound.

Step 5 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a longer, live version

The Dave Brubeck Quartet · 1954 · Bebop, Cool jazz

Jazz Goes to College

Dave Brubeck's quartet played this live at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor in May 1954. Columbia issued it that year on the concert album Jazz Goes to College.

Listen for
Paul Desmond plays alto saxophone and Dave Brubeck plays piano, with Bob Bates on bass and Joe Dodge on drums. At 5:38 it runs nearly twice as long as Parker's studio take.
Try it on your instrument

Play the whole slowly. For the last four bars use , , , with two in the third and fourth bars. Smaller version: play only those last four bars.

Step 6 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a saxophone stretch out

Sonny Rollins · 1958 · Bebop

Sonny Rollins and the Contemporary Leaders

Sonny Rollins recorded this in Los Angeles during October 1958 with Hampton Hawes, Barney Kessel, Leroy Vinnegar and Shelly Manne. Contemporary issued it in 1959 on Sonny Rollins and the Contemporary Leaders.

Listen for
Sonny Rollins plays tenor saxophone, with piano, guitar, bass and drums behind him. The take runs 5:41, nearly three minutes longer than Parker's.
Try it on your instrument

Play the roots of the first four , C, E♭, D, G, as a bass line, then play the same four bars with full . Smaller version: play the roots only.

Step 7 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a drummer lead a quartet

Art Blakey Quartet · 1963 · Hard bop

A Jazz Message

Art Blakey led this quartet at Van Gelder Studio in Englewood Cliffs on July 16, 1963, with Sonny Stitt, McCoy Tyner and Art Davis. Impulse! issued it in 1964 on the album A Jazz Message.

Listen for
Sonny Stitt plays saxophone and McCoy Tyner plays piano, with Art Davis on bass and Art Blakey leading from the drums. The record runs 5:07.
Try it on your instrument

Play the last four of the final as a loop: , , , . Smaller version: play the loop with just the roots, C, A, D, G.

Step 8 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear the tune stretched out live

Keith Jarrett Trio · 1986 · Post-bop, Contemporary jazz

Still Live

Keith Jarrett's trio played this live at the Klaviersommer in Munich's Philharmonic Hall on July 13, 1986. ECM issued it in 1988 on the double album Still Live.

Listen for
Jarrett plays piano, with Gary Peacock on bass and Jack DeJohnette on drums. At 17:33 it is the longest track on the path, nearly six times the length of Parker's.
Try it on your instrument

Play the full form once from the iReal Pro chart, then play it again changing only how loud you play. Smaller version: play just the 16-bar .

Through the decades

  1. 1930s

    Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II write the song for the 1932 musical Music in the Air, where Tullio Carminati sings it. Jack Denny's Waldorf-Astoria Orchestra, with Paul Small singing, records it in November 1932.

  2. 1940s

    In January 1942 Frank Sinatra, still singing with Tommy Dorsey's band, records it for Bluebird in a session of four songs arranged by Axel Stordahl.

  3. 1950s

    Jazz players take it up. Charlie Parker records it with a quartet in 1952, and Dave Brubeck's quartet plays it live at the University of Michigan in 1954. Frank Sinatra sings it again in 1958 with Billy May.

  4. 1960s

    Grant Green's quartet cuts a long version in 1962, first issued in 1980. Art Blakey leads a quartet with Sonny Stitt on saxophone in 1963 for Impulse!.

  5. 1980s

    Chet Baker records it with David Friedman on vibraphone in 1982, Jimmy Raney with a quartet in the Netherlands in 1983, and Keith Jarrett's trio plays a 17-minute version in Munich in 1986.

  6. 1990s

    Fred Hersch plays it in a live recital at Maybeck Recital Hall in Berkeley in October 1993.

More great versions

6 more, from 1958 to 1993. Tap a cover to play it here.

  1. Frank Sinatra with Billy May1958 · Big band
  2. Oscar Peterson Trio1959
  3. Grant Green Quartet1962 · Hard bop
  4. Chet Baker Quartet1982 · Cool jazz
  5. Jimmy Raney Quartet featuring Kirk Lightsey1983 · Hard bop
  6. Fred Hersch1993

For players

The tune's layout, its keys and the chord chart, for anyone who wants to play along.

Show the form and chords

How the tune works

C majorusual key
64 barsA · A · B · A form
C major → E major → C majorkey centers

The first A, 1 to 16, is , , , , Cmaj7, , Dm7, G7, , A7, Dm7, G7, then , , Em7 A7, Dm7 G7. The second A, bars 17 to 32, repeats the first twelve bars and ends , C6, C6, , which leads into the . The B section, bars 33 to 48, moves to : two bars of , , B7, two more bars of Emaj7, , , then for two bars, for two, for two and B7 for two. The last A, bars 49 to 64, opens like the first, continues , , , B♭7, Em7, A7, Dm7, G7, and ends C6, A7, Dm7, G7. These follow the iReal Pro chart; other lead sheets may spell some differently.

Play the changes

C major
Open in iReal Pro ↗
A20 bars
Cmaj7
E♭°7
Dm7
G7
Cmaj7
A7
Dm7
G7
Em7
A7
Dm7
G7
1.Fm7
B♭7
Em7A7
Dm7G7
2.C6
C6
C6
F♯m7♭5B7
B16 bars
Emaj7
Emaj7
F♯m7
B7
Emaj7
Emaj7
A♯m7♭5
D♯7♭9
G♯m7
G♯m7
C♯7
C♯7
F♯7
F♯7
B7
B7
A16 bars
Cmaj7
E♭°7
Dm7
G7
Gm7
C7
Fmaj7
B♭7
Em7
A7
Dm7
G7
C6
A7
Dm7
G7

Chart from iReal Pro's Jazz 1460 playlist, contributed by its users.

More like this: Jerome Kern · Broadway