Jazz Changes

Harold Arlen, music · Johnny Mercer, lyrics · Introduced by Ruby Hill and Harold Nicholas in St. Louis Woman

Come Rain or Come Shine

Come Rain or Come Shine is a 1946 Arlen and Mercer ballad, usually played in . Its harmony is rich and its melody repeats one note many times, which leaves room for improvisers. You will hear it from Ray Charles, Art Blakey, Bill Evans, Frank Sinatra and Ella Fitzgerald.

Listen in this order

The path starts with Margaret Whiting's 1946 record and two later ballad vocals, by Ray Charles and Frank Sinatra. It then moves to Art Blakey's swinging quintet, the Evans and Kelly piano trios, Wes Montgomery's live quintet and McCoy Tyner's 2003 quintet.

8 recordings, 1946 to 2003 · Play all 8 on YouTube ↗

  1. Margaret Whiting1946
  2. Art Blakey & The Jazz Messengers1958 · Hard bop
  3. Ray Charles1959 · Soul jazz
  4. Bill Evans Trio1959 · Post-bop
  5. Frank Sinatra1961 · Vocal
  6. Wynton Kelly Trio1961 · Hard bop
  7. Wes Montgomery Quintet1962 · Hard bop
  8. McCoy Tyner2003 · Post-bop

Step 1 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Learn the song

Margaret Whiting · 1946

Capitol single 78247

Listen for
Weston's orchestra accompanies Whiting and the melody uses many repeated notes. Follow the lyric line and notice how the harmony moves under it.
Try it on your instrument

Play the first eight of the chart, one per bar: , , , Dm7, , , Fmaj7, . Sing or play the melody over them.

Step 2 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear it as a slow ballad

Ray Charles · 1959 · Soul jazz, Big band

The Genius of Ray Charles

ballad

Listen for
Charles sings with strings and without his piano and band. Follow the voice through the whole at a slow tempo.
Try it on your instrument

Play the as a slow ballad, one per : , , B♭m7, , , , Am7♭5 D7♭9, Gm7 C7.

Step 3 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Compare a second ballad reading

Frank Sinatra · 1961 · Vocal

Sinatra & Strings

Listen for
Costa's string arrangement surrounds the vocal. Compare this slow reading with Ray Charles on the previous step.
Try it on your instrument

Play the whole chart as a ballad, holding one per and two chords where the chart shows two. Start at the , to , and keep going through all 32 bars.

Step 4 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear it swing

Art Blakey & The Jazz Messengers · 1958 · Hard bop

Moanin'

swing

Listen for
Trumpet, tenor saxophone, piano and bass each take a solo. Count how many each player uses.
Try it on your instrument

Play the chart through once with a steady swing feel, one per and two where the chart shows two. If that is too much, loop only the first eight bars: , , , Dm7, , , Fmaj7, .

Step 5 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a piano trio

Bill Evans Trio · 1959 · Post-bop, Modal jazz

Portrait in Jazz

Listen for
This is a trio of piano, bass and drums, recorded in about three and a half minutes. Listen to how the trio handles the run of tense, leaning in the second A and the .
Try it on your instrument

Play the roots and thirds of the chain from the second A: , , , A7, , D7, , , one per .

Step 6 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a longer trio chorus structure

Wynton Kelly Trio · 1961 · Hard bop

Wynton Kelly!

Listen for
A piano trio plays the chart for almost six minutes. Compare the length with the Evans trio on the previous step.
Try it on your instrument

Play the with roots and thirds only: , D7, , , , A7♭9, , . Notice where the settles on before Gm7 C7 turns back to the top.

Step 7 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a guitar lead a live quintet

Wes Montgomery Quintet · 1962 · Hard bop

“Come Rain or Come Shine (take 2)”, Full House

Listen for
Guitar and tenor saxophone share the over a of piano, bass and drums. Note when each horn enters and how many each takes.
Try it on your instrument

Count the while the track plays, and write down the bar count where the tenor saxophone and the guitar each start. A smaller version is to clap on beat one of each for the first two choruses.

Step 8 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a modern quintet

McCoy Tyner · 2003 · Post-bop

Illuminations

Listen for
Trumpet and saxophone share the with Tyner's piano. Compare this quintet with the 1962 Montgomery quintet.
Try it on your instrument

Play only the roots of the first : F, E A, D, D, G, C, F, C F. Then add a seventh to each root to make the on the chart.

More great versions

4 more, from 1950 to 1961. Tap a cover to play it here.

  1. Sarah Vaughan1950
  2. Dinah Washington1954 · Bebop
  3. Oscar Peterson Trio1959
  4. Ella Fitzgerald1961 · Big band

For players

The tune's layout, its keys and the chord chart, for anyone who wants to play along.

Show the form and chords

How the tune works

F majorusual key
32 barsA · B · A · C form
F major → F minor → F major → D minorkey centers

The runs 32 in four sections of eight bars, . JazzStandards.com gives the form as A1, B, A2, C with a four-bar introduction and no , and the iReal Pro chart agrees once its two 16-bar halves are split at bar 8 and bar 24. The first A moves from through and to , then and lead back to Fmaj7, and closes the section. The is in the parallel minor, : it opens on and , then passes through toward and and ends on and C7. The second A repeats the first four bars, then runs , , and A7 into a that stays in . The continues the chain with and G7, turns to and A7♭9, and settles in for the last four bars (, Em7♭5 A7♭9, , Gm7 C7). The closing Gm7 and C7 lead back to the top in F major. JazzStandards.com describes the as starting in F major and ending in D minor.

Play the changes

F major
Open in iReal Pro ↗
A16 bars
Fmaj7
Em7♭5A7♭9
Dm7
Dm7
G7
C7
Fmaj7
Cm7F7
B♭m7
Fm7
B♭m7
Gm7C7
Bm7♭5E7♭9
Am7♭5D7♭9
Am7♭5D7♭9
Gm7C7
B16 bars
Fmaj7
Em7♭5A7♭9
Dm7
Dm7
Bm7
E7
A7
A7
D7
D7
G7
B♭7A7♭9
DmBm7♭5
Em7♭5A7♭9
Dm6
Gm7C7

Chart from iReal Pro's Jazz 1460 playlist, contributed by its users.