Jazz Changes

Songs from 1926 to 1959

Ballads through the years

These 52 songs are the ones jazz players mostly play slow. They are written between 1926 and 1959, some for Broadway shows and films, others by jazz musicians such as Duke Ellington, Billy Strayhorn, Thelonious Monk, Benny Golson and John Coltrane. Below, each decade names some of the recordings, from singers with orchestras in the 1930s to Keith Jarrett's trio, Joe Pass on guitar and Samara Joy.

Through the years

  1. 1920s

    The oldest song here, Someone to Watch Over Me, comes from George and Ira Gershwin in 1926. Gertrude Lawrence introduces it in the show Oh, Kay! and records it weeks later, the first recording of the song. It was written as a fast number, but she sings it at a medium tempo with only piano behind her.

  2. 1930s

    Twenty-five of the 52 songs are written in the 1930s, in Broadway shows and films and by Duke Ellington, and orchestras make many of the first records. Ellington records Mood Indigo, Solitude and Prelude to a Kiss, and Louis Armstrong makes the first jazz Body and Soul in 1930. Billie Holiday sings Easy Living with Teddy Wilson in 1937, and Coleman Hawkins's 1939 record of Body and Soul turns it into a jazz standard.

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  3. 1940s

    Singers and players share the slow songs. Frank Sinatra sings them with Axel Stordahl's orchestra, and Sarah Vaughan sings Lover Man with Dizzy Gillespie in 1945. Charlie Parker's quintet records Embraceable You and Don't Blame Me in 1947, and Thelonious Monk records his own 'Round Midnight and Ruby, My Dear that year. Eighteen more songs are written in the decade.

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    Ella Fitzgerald You Don't Know What Love Is · 1941The King Cole Trio Don't Blame Me · 1944Billie Holiday and Eddie Heywood Embraceable You · 1944Billie Holiday Lover Man · 1944Margaret Whiting with Billy Butterfield Moonlight in Vermont · 1944Billie Holiday and Eddie Heywood My Old Flame · 1944Cootie Williams 'Round Midnight · 1944Dizzy Gillespie Sextet with Charlie Parker All the Things You Are · 1945Dizzy Gillespie Sextet I Can't Get Started · 1945Frank Sinatra with Axel Stordahl I Should Care · 1945Woody Herman Laura · 1945Sarah Vaughan with Dizzy Gillespie Lover Man · 1945Don Byas Quartet Smoke Gets in Your Eyes · 1945Frank Sinatra with Axel Stordahl Someone to Watch Over Me · 1945Frank Sinatra You Go to My Head · 1945Margaret Whiting Come Rain or Come Shine · 1946Sarah Vaughan If You Could See Me Now · 1946Charlie Parker Quintet Lover Man · 1946Dizzy Gillespie Sextet 'Round Midnight · 1946Frank Sinatra with Axel Stordahl Time After Time · 1946Charlie Parker Quintet All the Things You Are · 1947Bing Crosby with Victor Young But Beautiful · 1947Charlie Parker Don't Blame Me · 1947Charlie Parker Quintet Embraceable You · 1947Bud Powell Trio Everything Happens to Me · 1947George Shearing Have You Met Miss Jones · 1947Bud Powell Trio I Should Care · 1947Charlie Parker My Old Flame · 1947Thelonious Monk Quintet 'Round Midnight · 1947Thelonious Monk Trio Ruby, My Dear · 1947Sarah Vaughan Tenderly · 1947Thelonious Monk Quartet with Kenny 'Pancho' Hagood I Should Care · 1948Charlie Parker with Strings Everything Happens to Me · 1949The King Cole Trio For All We Know · 1949Art Tatum I Cover the Waterfront · 1949Nat King Cole Lush Life · 1949Erroll Garner September Song · 1949Coleman Hawkins and His Rhythm Sophisticated Lady · 1949Sarah Vaughan with Joe Lipman The Nearness of You · 1949
  4. 1950s

    Records get longer and the groups smaller. Ellington stretches Sophisticated Lady past eleven minutes on his first LP, Sonny Rollins plays Solitude with only bass and drums, and Chet Baker and Gerry Mulligan play without a piano. Clifford Brown plays with strings, and Miles Davis records Easy Living in 1955. Eight songs are written, the last three in 1959: Blue in Green, Dindi and Coltrane's Naima.

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    Charlie Parker with Joe Lippman's Orchestra Autumn in New York · 1952Stan Getz Body and Soul · 1952Lester Young with the Oscar Peterson Trio I Can't Get Started · 1952Don Byas Quartet Laura · 1952Johnny Smith Quintet featuring Stan Getz Moonlight in Vermont · 1952Sidney Bechet with Claude Luter et son orchestre September Song · 1952Billie Holiday Solitude · 1952Billie Holiday Tenderly · 1952Johnny Smith Quintet Tenderly · 1952Billie Holiday These Foolish Things · 1952Lester Young with the Oscar Peterson Trio These Foolish Things · 1952Art Pepper Quartet These Foolish Things · 1952Jeri Southern with Victor Young When I Fall in Love · 1952Doris Day with the Norman Luboff Choir When I Fall in Love · 1952Billie Holiday You Go to My Head · 1952Oscar Peterson Trio You Go to My Head · 1952Clifford Brown Sextet Easy Living · 1953The Dave Brubeck Quartet with Paul Desmond For All We Know · 1953Art Tatum Have You Met Miss Jones · 1953Stan Getz Quintet Have You Met Miss Jones · 1953Gerry Mulligan Quartet I Can't Get Started · 1953Sonny Rollins with the Modern Jazz Quartet In a Sentimental Mood · 1953Duke Ellington In a Sentimental Mood · 1953Gerry Mulligan Quartet Moonlight in Vermont · 1953Frank Sinatra My Funny Valentine · 1953Gerry Mulligan Quartet My Funny Valentine · 1953Gerry Mulligan Quartet with Chet Baker My Old Flame · 1953Frank Sinatra with Nelson Riddle's orchestra My One and Only Love · 1953Charlie Parker Old Folks · 1953Bud Powell Trio Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1953Duke Ellington Prelude to a Kiss · 1953Oscar Peterson Trio Smoke Gets in Your Eyes · 1953Nat King Cole Tenderly · 1953Ben Webster Tenderly · 1953The Stan Getz Quintet The Nearness of You · 1953Lee Konitz with the Gerry Mulligan Quartet These Foolish Things · 1953Lou Donaldson - Clifford Brown Quintet You Go to My Head · 1953The Oscar Peterson Trio Don't Blame Me · 1954Sarah Vaughan with Clifford Brown Sextet Embraceable You · 1954Stan Getz Quintet Flamingo · 1954Sarah Vaughan Lover Man · 1954Erroll Garner Trio Misty · 1954Chet Baker My Funny Valentine · 1954Sarah Vaughan Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1954Stan Getz Quintet Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1954Sarah Vaughan Prelude to a Kiss · 1954Ben Webster Prelude to a Kiss · 1954Thelonious Monk Quintet Smoke Gets in Your Eyes · 1954Clifford Brown & Max Roach Quintet These Foolish Things · 1954Chet Baker Quartet Time After Time · 1954J.J. Johnson Quartet Time After Time · 1954Miles Davis All Stars You Don't Know What Love Is · 1954Hampton Hawes Trio Easy Living · 1955Miles Davis Quintet Easy Living · 1955Stan Getz Quartet Everything Happens to Me · 1955Erroll Garner I Cover the Waterfront · 1955Milt Jackson Quartet I Should Care · 1955Clifford Brown and Max Roach Quintet with Neal Hefti Orchestra Laura · 1955Frank Sinatra Mood Indigo · 1955Thelonious Monk Mood Indigo · 1955Dinah Washington My Old Flame · 1955Clifford Brown with Strings Smoke Gets in Your Eyes · 1955Thelonious Monk Trio Solitude · 1955Chet Baker Someone to Watch Over Me · 1955Thelonious Monk Trio Sophisticated Lady · 1955Dexter Gordon Quintet Tenderly · 1955Chet Baker Quartet Tenderly · 1955Milt Jackson The Nearness of You · 1955Hampton Hawes Trio These Foolish Things · 1955Chet Baker Quartet These Foolish Things · 1955Clifford Brown with Strings What's New? · 1955Art Tatum and Ben Webster All the Things You Are · 1956Sonny Criss Quintet Easy Living · 1956Bill Evans Trio Easy Living · 1956The Oscar Peterson Trio Flamingo · 1956Ella Fitzgerald Have You Met Miss Jones · 1956Chet Baker and Crew I Can't Get Started · 1956The Bud Powell Trio I Cover the Waterfront · 1956Hank Mobley Quintet I Should Care · 1956Ella Fitzgerald In a Sentimental Mood · 1956Teddy Charles Quartet Laura · 1956Jimmy Smith Trio Moonlight in Vermont · 1956Art Tatum and Ben Webster My One and Only Love · 1956Sarah Vaughan Old Folks · 1956Miles Davis Quintet 'Round Midnight · 1956Kenny Drew Trio Ruby, My Dear · 1956Sarah Vaughan with Hal Mooney September Song · 1956Hoagy Carmichael with the Pacific Jazzmen Skylark · 1956John Lewis with Jim Hall, Percy Heath and Chico Hamilton Skylark · 1956Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong The Nearness of You · 1956Nat King Cole with Gordon Jenkins When I Fall in Love · 1956Miles Davis Quintet When I Fall in Love · 1956Sonny Rollins You Don't Know What Love Is · 1956Ray Bryant Trio Angel Eyes · 1957Frank Sinatra, arranged and conducted by Billy May Autumn in New York · 1957Kenny Dorham But Beautiful · 1957Bud Powell Don't Blame Me · 1957Charles Mingus Sextet Flamingo · 1957Sonny Rollins Trio I Can't Get Started · 1957Sarah Vaughan I Cover the Waterfront · 1957Lee Morgan I Remember Clifford · 1957Carmen McRae I Remember Clifford · 1957The Dizzy Gillespie Band at Newport I Remember Clifford · 1957Thelonious Monk I Should Care · 1957Gil Evans If You Could See Me Now · 1957Coleman Hawkins Septet Laura · 1957Ella Fitzgerald Lush Life · 1957Nina Simone Mood Indigo · 1957Billie Holiday Moonlight in Vermont · 1957Stan Getz and J.J. Johnson My Funny Valentine · 1957Kenny Dorham My Old Flame · 1957Horace Silver Quintet My One and Only Love · 1957Lou Donaldson Quintet Old Folks · 1957Thelonious Monk 'Round Midnight · 1957Thelonious Monk Quartet Ruby, My Dear · 1957Sarah Vaughan with the Count Basie Orchestra Smoke Gets in Your Eyes · 1957Sonny Rollins Solitude · 1957Duke Ellington Solitude · 1957Clifford Jordan Sophisticated Lady · 1957Stan Getz Quartet Time After Time · 1957Jackie McLean Quartet What's New? · 1957Frank Sinatra Angel Eyes · 1958Stan Getz and Chet Baker Autumn in New York · 1958The Ahmad Jamal Trio Autumn in New York · 1958Billie Holiday with Ray Ellis But Beautiful · 1958Art Blakey & The Jazz Messengers Come Rain or Come Shine · 1958Chet Baker Quartet Everything Happens to Me · 1958Jimmy Smith Flamingo · 1958Carmen McRae Flamingo · 1958Stan Getz and Cal Tjader For All We Know · 1958Billie Holiday with Ray Ellis For All We Know · 1958John Coltrane Lush Life · 1958Sarah Vaughan Misty · 1958Ahmad Jamal Trio Moonlight in Vermont · 1958Chet Baker Quartet Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1958Carmen McRae with Ralph Burns Skylark · 1958Bill Evans Trio Tenderly · 1958John Coltrane Quartet Time After Time · 1958Billie Holiday with Ray Ellis You Don't Know What Love Is · 1958Ahmad Jamal Trio You Don't Know What Love Is · 1958George Russell Autumn in New York · 1959Miles Davis Blue in Green · 1959Bill Evans Trio Blue in Green · 1959Ray Charles Come Rain or Come Shine · 1959Bill Evans Trio Come Rain or Come Shine · 1959Sylvia Telles Dindi · 1959Thelonious Monk Everything Happens to Me · 1959The Paul Desmond Quartet For All We Know · 1959Frank Sinatra Here's That Rainy Day · 1959The Sonny Stitt Quartet I Cover the Waterfront · 1959Yusef Lateef If You Could See Me Now · 1959Erroll Garner Misty · 1959John Coltrane Naima · 1959Kenny Dorham Old Folks · 1959Wes Montgomery and the Eddie Higgins Trio Prelude to a Kiss · 1959Wes Montgomery Trio 'Round Midnight · 1959Thelonious Monk Ruby, My Dear · 1959Wes Montgomery and the Eddie Higgins Trio Ruby, My Dear · 1959Chet Baker with Fifty Italian Strings When I Fall in Love · 1959Bill Evans Trio When I Fall in Love · 1959
  5. 1960s

    Ballads get longer and looser. John Coltrane takes Body and Soul far faster than a ballad in 1960, then records the album Ballads in 1962 and Johnny Hartman sings Lush Life with Coltrane's quartet in 1963. Miles Davis's quintet stretches My Funny Valentine to fifteen minutes live in 1964, Ornette Coleman records Embraceable You, and Duke Ellington records Mood Indigo with Louis Armstrong and In a Sentimental Mood with Coltrane.

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    Ella Fitzgerald Misty · 1960Wes Montgomery Quartet Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1960Ella Fitzgerald September Song · 1960Red Garland The Nearness of You · 1960Red Garland These Foolish Things · 1960The Tommy Flanagan Trio You Go to My Head · 1960Ahmad Jamal Trio Angel Eyes · 1961Frank Sinatra Come Rain or Come Shine · 1961Wynton Kelly Trio Come Rain or Come Shine · 1961Oscar Peterson Trio I Remember Clifford · 1961Paul Desmond with Jim Hall and strings I Should Care · 1961Billy Strayhorn Lush Life · 1961Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington Mood Indigo · 1961Bill Evans Trio My Foolish Heart · 1961Miles Davis Sextet Old Folks · 1961Gene Ammons Someone to Watch Over Me · 1961Sarah Vaughan Sophisticated Lady · 1961The Red Garland Trio What's New? · 1961Sarah Vaughan with Count Basie You Go to My Head · 1961Paul Desmond and Gerry Mulligan All the Things You Are · 1962The Dave Brubeck Quartet Angel Eyes · 1962Thelonious Monk Body and Soul · 1962Wes Montgomery Quintet Come Rain or Come Shine · 1962McCoy Tyner Trio Have You Met Miss Jones · 1962The Oscar Peterson Trio with the Ernie Wilkins Big Band Here's That Rainy Day · 1962Bill Evans Trio I Should Care · 1962The Bill Evans Trio If You Could See Me Now · 1962Duke Ellington & John Coltrane In a Sentimental Mood · 1962Duke Ellington and Coleman Hawkins Mood Indigo · 1962Bill Evans and Jim Hall My Funny Valentine · 1962Grant Green My One and Only Love · 1962Bill Evans Trio Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1962Johnny Hodges Prelude to a Kiss · 1962Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers Skylark · 1962Duke Ellington, Charles Mingus and Max Roach Solitude · 1962John Coltrane Quartet What's New? · 1962John Coltrane Quartet You Don't Know What Love Is · 1962Bill Evans Quintet You Go to My Head · 1962Ella Fitzgerald All the Things You Are · 1963Sonny Rollins and Coleman Hawkins All the Things You Are · 1963Bill Evans Autumn in New York · 1963Thelonious Monk Don't Blame Me · 1963Bill Evans Trio Everything Happens to Me · 1963Grant Green For All We Know · 1963Bud Powell Trio I Can't Get Started · 1963Sonny Rollins and Coleman Hawkins Lover Man · 1963John Coltrane and Johnny Hartman Lush Life · 1963Charles Mingus Mood Indigo · 1963Oscar Peterson Trio with Nelson Riddle's Orchestra My Foolish Heart · 1963John Coltrane and Johnny Hartman My One and Only Love · 1963John Coltrane Quartet Naima · 1963Etta Jones Old Folks · 1963Paul Desmond - Jim Hall Quartet Polka Dots and Moonbeams · 1963The Art Farmer Quartet featuring Jim Hall What's New? · 1963Paul Desmond featuring Jim Hall Angel Eyes · 1964Stan Getz and Bill Evans But Beautiful · 1964Paul Desmond Easy Living · 1964The Oscar Peterson Trio Have You Met Miss Jones · 1964Ella Fitzgerald with Nelson Riddle Laura · 1964Miles Davis Quintet My Funny Valentine · 1964Sonny Rollins My One and Only Love · 1964Oscar Peterson Trio My One and Only Love · 1964Archie Shepp Naima · 1964Ella Fitzgerald with Nelson Riddle Skylark · 1964Ben Webster Someone to Watch Over Me · 1964Grant Green You Don't Know What Love Is · 1964Astrud Gilberto Dindi · 1965Sonny Rollins Quartet Everything Happens to Me · 1965Wes Montgomery with the Don Sebesky Orchestra Here's That Rainy Day · 1965Paul Desmond – Jim Hall Quartet Here's That Rainy Day · 1965Wes Montgomery and the Wynton Kelly Trio If You Could See Me Now · 1965Wes Montgomery with the Wynton Kelly Trio Misty · 1965Oscar Peterson Trio Misty · 1965Richard "Groove" Holmes Misty · 1965Frank Sinatra September Song · 1965Bill Evans Trio Laura · 1966John Coltrane Naima · 1966Zoot Sims with Gary McFarland Orchestra September Song · 1966Ella Fitzgerald with Marty Paich Time After Time · 1966Bill Evans Trio Blue in Green · 1967Frank Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim Dindi · 1967Elvin Jones & Richard Davis Here's That Rainy Day · 1967Bill Evans Trio Embraceable You · 1968Bill Evans Here's That Rainy Day · 1968Oscar Peterson Someone to Watch Over Me · 1968George Benson What's New? · 1968Wayne Shorter Dindi · 1969Nancy Wilson Prelude to a Kiss · 1969James Brown with the Louie Bellson Orchestra September Song · 1969
  6. 1970s

    The songs get stripped down or stretched out. Joe Pass plays Have You Met Miss Jones and Lush Life alone on guitar, and McCoy Tyner plays Naima alone in Tokyo in 1972. Jim Hall and Ron Carter play Prelude to a Kiss as a guitar and bass duo, Dexter Gordon plays Misty in Copenhagen in 1975, and Willie Nelson records Moonlight in Vermont in 1977.

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  7. 1980s

    Keith Jarrett's trio plays the slow songs live, opening Still Live with My Funny Valentine in Munich in 1986 and a double album with Lover Man in Cologne in 1989. Ella Fitzgerald and Joe Pass record Easy Living as a duo, Cassandra Wilson sings her own words to Blue in Green on her first album, and the 1985 film Round Midnight has Dexter Gordon record the title tune during the shoot.

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  8. 1990s

    Younger players take the songs on, and live takes run long. Joshua Redman's quartet plays My One and Only Love for eleven minutes at the Village Vanguard in 1995, and Keith Jarrett's trio takes You Don't Know What Love Is to almost thirteen. Joe Henderson's Lush Life wins a Grammy in 1992, Chick Corea plays But Beautiful alone in Yokohama, and Brad Mehldau's trio bends All the Things You Are in 1999.

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  9. 2000s

    Duets and tributes. In March 2007 Keith Jarrett and Charlie Haden record For All We Know, My Old Flame and Everything Happens to Me as piano and bass duets. Kurt Elling sings Lush Life and My One and Only Love at Lincoln Center in 2009 to honor the 1963 Coltrane and Hartman record, and Dee Dee Bridgewater sings Lover Man on a Billie Holiday tribute album.

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  10. 2010s

    Tony Bennett and Amy Winehouse sing Body and Soul in March 2011, her last recording. Carla Bley arranges Blue in Green for a big band that year, and in 2015 Jack DeJohnette, Ravi Coltrane and Matthew Garrison play it with electronics. Joey Alexander plays In a Sentimental Mood with Chris Potter on bass clarinet, and Brian Landrus and Fred Hersch close an album with Ruby, My Dear in 2019.

  11. 2020s

    The slow songs keep coming. Samara Joy records But Beautiful with guitarist Pasquale Grasso in October 2020 and sings Misty on Linger Awhile in 2022. Fred Hersch, Drew Gress and Joey Baron play Embraceable You in 2024, Pat Metheny plays Everything Happens to Me on guitar, and Emmet Cohen records My Funny Valentine in 2025 with Ron Carter and George Coleman.

The tunes