Jazz Changes

Kurt Weill, music · Maxwell Anderson, lyrics · Introduced by Walter Huston in Knickerbocker Holiday

September Song

September Song is a 1938 ballad by Kurt Weill and Maxwell Anderson, written for the Broadway musical Knickerbocker Holiday. Walter Huston asked for one solo song, and the authors wrote it for his limited vocal range. You will hear it from Walter Huston, Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, Sarah Vaughan and James Brown.

Listen in this order

The path starts with Walter Huston's 1938 record and moves through three vocal versions by Sinatra, Fitzgerald and Vaughan. It continues with Erroll Garner's trio and Zoot Sims's tenor saxophone, and it ends with a 1952 Paris concert version by Sidney Bechet and James Brown's 1969 big-band record.

8 recordings, 1938 to 1969 · Play all 8 on YouTube ↗

  1. Walter Huston1938
  2. Erroll Garner1949 · Bebop
  3. Sidney Bechet with Claude Luter et son orchestre1952
  4. Sarah Vaughan with Hal Mooney1956
  5. Ella Fitzgerald1960
  6. Frank Sinatra1965 · Vocal
  7. Zoot Sims with Gary McFarland Orchestra1966 · Easy listening
  8. James Brown with the Louie Bellson Orchestra1969 · Big band

Step 1 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear the song as written

Walter Huston · 1938

Single, with “The Scars”

The introducer's record

Listen for
Huston's voice has a limited range, and Anderson and Weill wrote the song to fit it. Listen to how the song works without a trained singer.
Try it on your instrument

Play the first eight from the chart: , , , , , , Cmaj7 G7sus, Cmaj7. Smaller version: play only the first four bars.

Step 2 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear it with an arranger's orchestra

Frank Sinatra · 1965 · Vocal

September of My Years

Vocal with an arranger's orchestra

Listen for
Gordon Jenkins arranged the album, so the orchestra's parts are written for this record. Compare Sinatra's pace with Huston's.
Try it on your instrument

Play the first four of the chart (, , , ) and hold each for its full length. Smaller version: play only the first chord of each bar, F7, Fm7, Cmaj7 and Em7.

Step 3 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear the song with only a piano

Ella Fitzgerald · 1960

Ella Fitzgerald Sings Songs from the Soundtrack of “Let No Man Write My Epitaph”

Voice and piano

Listen for
Fitzgerald has one accompanist, the pianist Paul Smith. Listen to how the piano alone carries the under her.
Try it on your instrument

Play the from the chart: for two bars, for two bars, Fm6 for two bars, F♯°7, then . Smaller version: play only the roots F, F♯ and G.

Step 4 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a jazz singer shape the song

Sarah Vaughan with Hal Mooney and His Orchestra · 1956

Sarah Vaughan Sings Broadway: Great Songs from Hit Shows

Vocal with studio orchestra

Listen for
Vaughan sings with a studio orchestra led by Hal Mooney. Compare how she handles the pace with Sinatra's and Fitzgerald's versions.
Try it on your instrument

Play the last four of the first A from the chart: , , G7sus, Cmaj7. Smaller version: play only D7, G7 and Cmaj7, one per bar.

Step 5 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear it as a piano trio

Erroll Garner · 1949 · Bebop

Back To Back

Piano trio

Listen for
Garner plays with a bass and drums. Listen to what the bass and drums add that the earlier voice-and-orchestra records lack.
Try it on your instrument

Play 1 to 4 of the chart with the left hand on the roots and the right hand on the rest of each , two beats each where the chart shows two chords. Smaller version: play the right-hand chords alone.

Step 6 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a horn play the melody

Zoot Sims with Gary McFarland Orchestra · 1966 · Easy listening

Waiting Game

Tenor sax with harp

Listen for
The lineup includes a harp beside the tenor saxophone. Listen for how the two sit together.
Try it on your instrument

Play the last A of the chart, which ends on for two . Smaller version: play only the last four bars, , , C6, C6.

Step 7 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear an early jazz band play the song

Sidney Bechet with Claude Luter et son orchestre · 1952

Vogue release

Paris concert

Listen for
Bechet plays here with Claude Luter's orchestra. Compare how a band plays the song with the voice-and-orchestra records earlier on the path.
Try it on your instrument

Play 5 to 8 of the first A from the chart: , , G7sus, Cmaj7. Smaller version: play D7, G7 and Cmaj7, one per bar.

Step 8 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a soul vocal with a big band

James Brown with the Louie Bellson Orchestra · 1969 · Big band, Soul & R&B

“September Song (Extended Version)”, Soul on Top

Soul vocal with big band

Listen for
The linked take is the 4:59 extended version from the 2004 reissue. Compare it with the shorter vocal versions earlier on the path.
Try it on your instrument

Play the full 32 of the chart, one per bar where the chart shows one. Smaller version: play only the eight-bar , to .

More great versions

3 more, from 1952 to 1977. Tap a cover to play it here.

  1. Art Tatum1952 · Swing
  2. Chet Baker1959 · Hard bop
  3. Bing Crosby with the Pete Moore Orchestra1977 · Big band

For players

The tune's layout, its keys and the chord chart, for anyone who wants to play along.

Show the form and chords

How the tune works

C majorusual key
32 barsA · A · B · A form
C majorkey centers

The song runs 32 in four sections of eight, , and the iReal Pro chart is in . Each A opens on and then plays and into in bar 3. , and follow, and bars 5 and 6 play and . The first A ends on Cmaj7 G7sus and a bar of Cmaj7, and the second A ends on Cmaj7 and , which leads into the . The bridge alternates and and ends on G7sus, which sets up the last A. The last A ends on for two bars.

Play the changes

C major
Open in iReal Pro ↗
A10 bars
F7
Fm7B♭7
Cmaj7Dm7
Em7Am7
D7susD7
G7susG7
1.Cmaj7G7sus
Cmaj7
2.Cmaj7
C7
B8 bars
Fm6
Fm6
F♯°7
F♯°7
Fm6
Fm6
F♯°7
G7sus
A8 bars
F7
Fm7B♭7
Cmaj7Dm7
Em7Am7
D7susD7
G7susG7
C6
C6

Chart from iReal Pro's Jazz 1460 playlist, contributed by its users.