Jazz Changes

Sigmund Romberg, music · Oscar Hammerstein II, lyrics · Introduced by Evelyn Herbert in The New Moon, New York, 1928

Lover, Come Back to Me

Sigmund Romberg and Oscar Hammerstein II wrote this song for the 1928 Broadway operetta The New Moon. The sit in a bright major and the moves to a darker, minor one. Artie Shaw made it a hit in 1939, and singers and horn players have kept recording it since.

Listen in this order

Start with a 1939 big-band hit and a 1944 vocal, then hear a piano trio, a vocal with a large jam session group, a quintet, two tenor saxophones, an alto saxophone quartet and a recent vocal. Each step plays the same form in a different setting.

8 recordings, 1939 to 2007 · Play all 8 on YouTube ↗

  1. Artie Shaw1939
  2. Billie Holiday and the Eddie Heywood Trio1944
  3. Kenny Drew Trio1953
  4. Dinah Washington with Clifford Brown and Max Roach1954 · Bebop
  5. John Coltrane1958 · Hard bop
  6. Al Cohn and Zoot Sims1959
  7. Art Pepper1978
  8. Cassandra Wilson2007 · Contemporary jazz

Step 1 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear the 1939 hit record

Artie Shaw and His Orchestra · 1939

Single, Bluebird B-10126

Listen for
This record is an instrumental, so the tune comes through without a singer. Follow the lead line through the and mark where the arrives.
Try it on your instrument

Play the first eight of an from the chart while the record runs: , E♭6, , , , Cm7, , .

Step 2 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Learn the song from a vocal

Billie Holiday and the Eddie Heywood Trio · 1944

Single, Commodore 559

Listen for
A piano, bass and drums trio backs the voice, so the stay easy to hear. Follow the vocal line through the first.
Try it on your instrument

Sing or hum the melody while you play the first eight of the chart: , E♭6, , , , Cm7, , .

Step 3 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear it as a piano trio

Kenny Drew Trio · 1953

“Lover Come Back to Me”, New Faces – New Sounds: Introducing the Kenny Drew Trio

Listen for
The group is piano, bass and drums with no horn, so the piano carries the melody and . Listen for the when it returns after the .
Try it on your instrument

Play the first four of the from the chart and hold each for its full bar: , Cm7, , Cm7. The third bar has two chords, so split it.

Step 4 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a vocal feature stretch into a jam

Dinah Washington with Clifford Brown and Max Roach · 1954 · Bebop, Vocal

“Lover Come Back to Me”, Dinah Jams

Listen for
The track runs nearly ten minutes with a vocal and several horns, so the form comes around many times. Pick out each return of the .
Try it on your instrument

Play the last eight of the from the chart: , Cm7, , Cm7, , F7, , . Then play for the first bar of the next A.

Step 5 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a hard bop quintet

John Coltrane · 1958 · Hard bop, Post-bop

“Lover Come Back to Me”, Black Pearls

Listen for
Coltrane plays tenor saxophone and Byrd plays trumpet, with piano, bass and drums behind them. The track runs about seven and a half minutes.
Try it on your instrument

Play the roots of the first eight of the chart in time with the record: E♭, E♭, D, G, C, C, F, F♯. If you already solo over changes, play a over those bars instead.

Step 6 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear two tenor saxophones trade the tune

Al Cohn and Zoot Sims · 1959

“Lover Come Back to Me”, Jazz Alive! A Night at the Half Note

Listen for
Two tenor saxophones play with a piano, bass and drums . The track runs over nine minutes, so the form comes around many times.
Try it on your instrument

Play the second half of the from the chart on piano or guitar: , , , , E♭6/G, , Cm7, B♭7.

Step 7 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a late alto saxophone version

Art Pepper · 1978

Art Pepper Today

Listen for
Pepper leads on alto saxophone with a piano, bass and drums trio behind him. The track runs about seven minutes.
Try it on your instrument

Play the at the end of the first from the chart and hold the last : , , .

Step 8 of 8 Now playing✓ Heard

Hear a recent vocal version

Cassandra Wilson · 2007 · Contemporary jazz, Vocal

“Lover Come Back to Me”, Loverly

Listen for
Wilson sings the song with a small combo. Compare her phrasing with Billie Holiday's 1944 vocal.
Try it on your instrument

Play the first eight of the from the chart and sing or hum the melody over them: , Cm7, , Cm7, Dm7♭5, G7♭9, , G7♭9.

More great versions

3 more, from 1950 to 1958. Tap a cover to play it here.

  1. Oscar Peterson and Ray Brown1950
  2. Ella Fitzgerald1955 · Big band
  3. Donald Byrd1958 · Hard bop

For players

The tune's layout, its keys and the chord chart, for anyone who wants to play along.

Show the form and chords

How the tune works

E♭ majorusual key
64 barsA · A · B · A form
E♭ major → C minor → E♭ majorkey centers

The tune has four sections in order. Each begins with , E♭6, and , moves through , Cm7, and , and then , Cm7, F7 and lead to a bar of E♭6 and E♭6/G. A three-bar ending closes each A with , Cm7 and B♭7. The first A's ending returns to the top, and the second A's ending, A♭6 A°7, E♭6/B♭, Dm7♭5 G7♭9, leads into the . The bridge is 16 bars and starts in with Cm7, Cm7, Dm7♭5 G7♭9 and Cm7, then Dm7♭5, G7♭9, and G7♭9, then Cm7, Cm7, Dm7♭5 G7♭9 and Cm7. The last four bars, F7, F7, Fm7 and B♭7, turn back to . The final A plays its first 13 bars and then takes a third ending: A♭6 A°7, E♭6 Cm7 and Fm7 B♭7. The iReal Pro chart marks a D.C. after the bridge, so each A counts as 16 bars once its ending is added, and the full tune runs 64 bars. The scaffold's count of 51 bars missed the repeats. JazzStandards.com gives the form as A A B A, with a major A and a minor B, and states no bar count, so the 16-bar sections follow the iReal Pro chart. JazzStandards.com gives the original as , and the iReal Pro chart is in E♭.

Play the changes

E♭ major
Open in iReal Pro ↗
A19 bars
E♭6
E♭6
Dm7♭5
G7♭9
Cm7
Cm7
F7
F♯°7
E♭6/G
Cm7
F7
B♭7
E♭6E♭6/G
1.A♭6A°7
E♭6/B♭Cm7
Fm7B♭7
2.A♭6A°7
E♭6/B♭
Dm7♭5G7♭9
B19 bars
Cm7
Cm7
Dm7♭5G7♭9
Cm7
Dm7♭5
G7♭9
A♭7
G7♭9
Cm7
Cm7
Dm7♭5G7♭9
Cm7
F7
F7
D.C. al 3rd EndingFm7
B♭7
3.A♭6A°7
E♭6Cm7
Fm7B♭7

Chart from iReal Pro's Jazz 1460 playlist, contributed by its users.